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not value need not heed them; while the critical student will often find them of decided Should any one demur to this, I urge him to examine thoughtfully the dates of the dispatches received and sent by McClellan between his retreat to Harrison's bar and Pope's defeat at Groveton; also, those given in my account of his movements from the hour of his arrival at Frederick to that of Lee's retreat from Sharpsburg across the Potomac.
I trust it will be observed by candid critics that, while I seek not to disguise the fact that I honor and esteem some of our commanders as I do not others, I have been blind neither to the errors of the former nor to the just claims of the latter that my high estimation of Grant and Sherman (for instance) has not led me to conceal or soften the lack of reasonable precautions which so nearly involved their country in deplorable if not irremediable disaster at Pittsburg Landing. So with Banks's mishap at Sabine Cross-roads and Butler's failure at Fort Fisher. On the other hand, I trust my lack of faith in such officers as Buell and Fitz John Porter has not led me to represent them as incapable or timorous soldiers. What I believe in regard to these and many more of their school is, that they were misplaced that they halted between their love of country and their traditional devotion to Slavery-that they clung to the hope of a compromise which should preserve both Slavery and the Union, long after all reasonable ground of hope had vanished; fighting the Rebellion with gloved hands and relaxed sinews because they mistakenly held that so only was the result they sighed for (deeming it most beneficent) to be attained. If the facts do not justify my conviction, I trust they will be found so fairly presented in the following pages as to furnish the proper corrective for my errors.
Without having given much heed to rival issues, I presume this volume will be found to contain accounts (necessarily very brief) of many minor actions and skirmishes which have been passed unheeded by other historians, on the assumption that, as they did not perceptibly affect the great issue, they are unworthy of record. But the nature and extent of that influence is matter of opinion, while the qualities displayed in these collisions were frequently deserving of grateful remembrance. And, beside, an affair of outposts or foraging expeditions has often exerted a most signal influence over the spirits of two great antagonist armies, and thus over the issues of a battle, and even of a campaign. Compressed within the narrowest limits, I have chosen to glance at nearly every conflict of armed forces, and to give time to these which others have devoted to more elaborate and florid descriptions of great battles. It has been my aim to compress within the allotted space the greatest number of notable facts and circumstances; others must judge how fully this end has been achieved.
Doubtless, many errors of fact, and some of judgment, are embodied in the following pages: for, as yet, even the official reports, &c., which every historian of this war must desire to study, are but partially accessible. I have missed especially the Confederate reports of the later campaigns; only a few of which have been made public, though many more, it is probable, will in time be. Some of these may have been destroyed at the hasty evacuation of Richmond; but many must have been preserved, in manuscript if not in print, and will yet see the light. So far as they were attainable, I have used the reports of Confederate officers as freely as those of their antagonists, and have accorded them nearly if not quite equal credit. I judge that the habit of understating or concealing their losses was more prevalent with Confederate than with Union commanders; in over-estimating the numbers they resisted, 'I have not been able to perceive
any difference. It is simple truth to say that such over-estimates seem to have been quite common on both sides.
I shall be personally obliged to any one, no matter on what side he served, who will furnish me with trustworthy data for the correction of any misstatement embodied in this work. If such correction shall dictate a revision of any harsh judgment on friend or foe, it will be received and conformed to with profound gratitude. My convictions touching the origin, incitements, and character, of the War from which we have so happily emerged, are very positive, being the fruits of many years' almost exclusive devotion to National affairs; but my judgments as to occurrences and persons are held subject to modification upon further and clearer presentments of facts. It is my purpose to revise and correct the following pages from day to day as new light shall be afforded; and I ask those who may feel aggrieved by any statement I shall herein have given to the public, to favor me with the proofs of its inaccuracy. Unwilling to be drawn into controversy, I am most anxious to render exact justice to each and all.
The subject of Reconstruction (or Restoration) is not within the purview of this work, and I have taken pains to avoid it so far as possible. The time is not yet for treating it exhaustively, or even historically; its importance, as well as its immaturity, demand for its treatment thoughtful hesitation as well as fullness of knowledge. Should I be living when the work is at length complete, I may submit a survey of its nature, progress, and results: meantime, I will only avow my undoubting faith that the same Divine Benignity which has guided our country through perils more palpable if not more formidable, will pilot her safely, even though slowly, through those which now yawn before her, and bring her at last into the haven of perfect Peace, genuine Fraternity, and everlasting Union-a Peace grounded on reciprocal esteem; a Fraternity based on sincere, fervent love of our common country; and a Union cemented by hearty and general recognition of the truth, that the only abiding security for the cherished rights of any is to be found in a full and hearty recognition of Human Brotherhood as well as State sisterhood-in the establishment and assured maintenance of All Rights for All.
I. Texas and New Mexico in 1862...... 17
Twiggs's Treason-Texas State Convention passes
Ordinance of Secession-Surrender of the Regulars
--Their Loyalty and Sufferings-New Mexico re-
peals Act legalizing Slavery-Canby in command-
Prepares to hold New Mexico-Sibley Brigade-
Fort Craig-Sibley declines to attack-Battle of
Valverde-Heroisin and Death of McRae-Fight
at Apache Paes-Rebels occupy Santa Fé-They
abandon New Mexico.
II. Missouri and Arkansas in 1862...... 26
Price returns to Missouri-Guerrilla Operations-
Rains and Stein routed-Capture of Milford-Price
retreats to Arkansas-Sigel's Retreat from Benton-
ville-Battle of Pea Ridge-Rebels defeated-The
War among the Indians-Fight at the Cache-
Guerrilla operations-Fight at Newtonia-Hind-
man driven into Arkansas-Cooper routed at
Maysville Battle of Prairie Grove.
III. Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama in
1862-Forts Henry and Donelson
-Pittsburg Landing.
Battle of Mill Spring-Capture of Fort Henry-
Naval Bombardment of Fort Donelson-Gen. Pil-
low's Sortie-Countercharge of Lew Wallace and
C. F. Smith-Escape of Floyd and Pillow-Surren-
der by Buckner-Retreat of Sidney Johnston from
the Cumberland across the Tennessee-Nashville
recovered-Columbus, Ky.-New Madrid-Island
No. 10-Fort Pillow-Memphis - First Siege of
Vicksburg-Grant moves up the Tennessee to Pitts-
burg Landing-Sidney Johnston advances from
Corinth, Miss-Assails Grant's front near Shiloh
Church-Sherman and McClernand driven-Grant
borne back-Buell and Lew Wallace arrive-The
Rebels driven-Losses-Halleck takes Corinth-
Mitchel repossesses Huntsville and most of North
Alabama.
IV. Burnside's Expedition to N. Carolina. 73 Roanoke Island carried-Elizabeth city submitsDefenses of Newbern stormed-Newbern surrendered-Fort Macon reduced-Fight at South Mills -Foster advances to Kinston-Fails to carry Goldsboro'.
V. Butler's Expedition to the Gulf-Cap-
ture of New Orleans.
Gen. B. F. Butler concentrates 15,000 men on Ship
Island-Capt. Farragut at the mouths of the Mis-
sissippi-Assails and passes Forts Jackson and St.
Phillp-Destroys the Rebel Flotilla-Pushes on to
New Orleans The Forts surrender to Capt. Porter
-Gasconade of Mayor Monroe-New Orleans suc-
eumba-Butler convinces the Rebels that he is
wanted there-General Order No. 28-Execution
of Mumford-Farragut and Gen. Williams ascend
the River to Vicksburg-Baffled there-Breck in-
ridge attacks Baton Rouge-Williams killed--
Rebels repulsed-Ram Arkansas destroyed-Weit-
zel reduces the Lafourche country-Flanders and
Hahn chosen to Congress-Butler superseded by
Banks-Butler's parting Address-Jeff. Davis dis-
satisfied with his policy.
VI. Virginia in '62-McClellan's Advance. 107
Obstinate Delays-The Routes to Richmond-Bat-
tle of Kernstown-Raid of the Iron-clad Merrimac
or Virginia in Hampton Roads-McClellan on the
Peninsula Siege of Yorktown-Battle of Williams-
burg-Fight at West Point-Advance to the Chicka-
hominy-Recovery of Norfolk-Strength of our
Armles-McClellan's Complaints- Fight at Mc-
Dowell-Jackson surprises Front Royal - Banks
driven through Winchester to the Potomac-Jack-
son retreats-Fremont strikes Ewell at Cross-Keys
-Jackson crosses the South Fork at Port Repub-
lic, and beats Tyler-Heth routed by Crook at
Lewisburg.
VII. McClellan before Richmond.........140
Fitz John Porter worsts Branch at Mechanicsville
-McClellan partially across the Chickahominy-
Battle of Fair Oaks or Seven Pines-McClellan
réenforced, but still grumbles and hesitates-Stone-
wall Jackson joins Lee-A. P. Hill attacks our
right at Mechanicsville-Battle of Gaines's Mill-
Fitz John Porter worsted-McClellan retreats to
the James-Fight at Glendale, or White Oak
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Pope appointed to command the forces of Fremont,
Banks, and McDowell-Advances to the Rapidan-
Banks worsted by Jackson at Cedar Mountain-
Pope retreats across the Rappahannock-Jackson
flanks his right-Strikes the Railroad in his rear
at Bristow-Seizes Manassas Junction-Compelled
to retreatLongstreet hurrying to his rescue→
Jackson worsts King-Two Days' Battle of Gaines-
ville and Groveton, or Second Bull Run - Pope
driven back on Centerville Jackson flanks his
right, and attacks Kearny at Chantilly-Pope re-
treats to the defenses of Washington, and gives
place to McClellan-His Losses-McClellan's fail-
ure to support Pope-His Correspondence with
Lincoln, Halleck & Co.
IX. Lee's Invasion of Maryland in 1862..193
McClellan crosses the Potomac, and advances to
Frederick-Address to Maryland-McClellan fol-
lows to Frederick-Lee's plans discovered-He is
intent on the capture of Harper's Ferry-McClellan
fights and beats his rear-guard at Turner's Gap-
Franklin drives Howell Cobb out of Crampton's
Gap-Miles surrenders Harper's Ferry, with 12,000
men, to Stonewall Jackson-McClellan follows
Lee to the Antietam-Battle of Antietam or Sharps-
burg-Losses-Lee retreats across the Potomac-
Porter follows-McClellan hesitates to pursue--
J. E. B. Stuart raids around his Army-McClellan
moves down to the Rappahannock-Is relieved by
Burnside.
X. Tennessee-Kentucky-Mississippi-
Bragg's Invasion-Corinth....
Bragg crosses the Tennessee and Cumberland — Kirby Smith routs M. D. Manson and Nelson at Richmond, Ky. Bragg captures 4,000 men at Munfordsville-Advances to Frankfort, and inaugurates Richard Hawes as Governor of KentuckyBuell follows him from the Tennessee to Bardstown and Springfield-Battle of Perryville-Bragg retreats out of Kentucky by Cumberland Gap-Rosecrans fights Price at Iuka-Price retreats to Ripley, Miss.-Van Dorn assails Rosecrans at Corinth-Isi beaten off with great slaughter-Van Dorn pursued to Ripley-Losses.
XI. Slavery in the War-Emancipation...232 Patrick Henry on Federal Power over SlaveryEdmund Randolph-John Quincy Adams-Joshua R. Giddings- Mr. Lincoln-Gov. Seward - Gen. Butler-Gen. Fremont-Gen. T. W. Sherman-Gen. Wool-Gen. Dix-Gen. Halleck-Gen. CameronHis Report revised by President Lincoln-Seward to McClellan-Gen. Burnside-Gen Buell-Gen. Hooker-Gen. Sickles-Gen, McCook-Gen, Doubleday-Gen. Williams-Col. Anthony-Gen. Hunter -Overruled by the President-Gen. McClellan on the Negro-Horace Greeley to Lincoln-The Response-Do. to the Chicago Clergymen-Lincoln's First Proclamation of Freedom-The Elections of 1862-Second Proclamation of Freedom-Edward Everett on its Validity.
XII. Slavery and Emancipation in Congress. 256 E. R. Potter on Emancipation by War-Lincoln for colonizing the Blacks-Congress forbids Milltary Officers returning Fugitives from SlaveryAbolishes Slavery in the District of ColumbiaLincoln proposes, and Congress enacts, Compensated Emancipation-Prohibits Slavery in the Territories-Confiscates the Slaves of Rebels-Opens Diplomatic Intercourse with Liberia and HaytiRequires Equality in Education and Punishment between Whites and Blacks-Right of Search on the African Coast conceded-Fugitive Slave Act repealed-Confinement of suspected Slaves in Federal Jails forbidden-Coastwise Slave-Trade forbidden-Color no Impediment to giving Testimony. XIII. Rosecrans's Winter Campaign, 1862-3.270 The Army of the Ohio at Bowling Green-Reorganized by Rosecrans-Morgan's Raids-Surprise of Moore at Hartsville-Our Advance from Nashville-Battle of Stone River, near Murfreesboro'Bragg retreats-Cavalry Raids on our rear-Innes's Defense of Lavergne-Losses -Forrest routed by
Sullivan at Parker's Cross-Roads-Morgan cap-
tures Elizabethtown-Gen. H. Carter's Raid into
East Tennessee-Wheeler raids down the Tennes-
see to Fort Donelson-Beaten off by Col. Harding
-Van Dorn captures 1,500 Unionists at Spring Hill
-Col. A. S. Hall defeats Morgan at Vaught's Hill
-Gordon Granger repulses Van Dorn at Franklin
-Col. A. D. Streight raids into Northern Georgia
-Is overpowered and captured near Rome.
XIV. Siege and Capture of Vicksburg....286
Position and Importance of Vicksburg-Grant
moves against it from Lagrange-Advances to Ox-
ford, Miss.-Van Dorn captures Holly Springs-
Murphy's Cowardice-Grant compelled to "fall
backHovey and Washburn on the Coldwater-
Gen. Win. T. Sherman embarks 30,000 men at
Memphis Debarks on the Yazoo, north of Mem
phis Com. Porter's Gunboats-Sherinan storms
the Yazoo Bluffs-Repulsed at all points with
heavy loss-Attempts to flank by Drumgould's
Bluff-Is baffled-Superseded by Gen. McClernand
-Who invests and captures the Post of Arkansas-
Gen. Grant assuines command-Debarks-Digging
the Canal-Proves an Abortion-Yazoo Pass Ex-
pedition-Stopped at Greenwood-Compelled to
return-Grant tries the Sunflower route-Baffled
again The Queen of the West raids up Red River
-Disabled and abandoned-The Indianola cap-
tured by the Webb and Queen of the West-The
Indianola blown up in a panic-The Webb flees up
Red River-Grant moves down the Mississippi-
Com. Porter runs the Vicksburg Batteries-Grier-
son's Raid to Baton Rouge-Porter attacks the Bat-
teries at Grand Gulf-Grant crosses at Bruinsburg
-Sherman feints on Haines's Bluff Crosses the
Mississippi at Hankinson's Ferry-Fight at Port
Gibson-Fight at Raymond-Fight at and capture
of Jackson-Battle of Champion Hills-Fight at
the Big Black-Haines's Bluff abandoned-Vicks-
burg invested-General Assault repulsed-The
Siege vigorously pressed-Pemberton calls a par-
ley-Surrenders-Grant drives Jo. Johnston from
Jackson-Fight at Milliken's Bend-Holmes as-
sails Helena, and is routed.
XV. Texas and Louisiana in 1863-Cap-
ture of Port Hudson..
Galveston Retaken by Com. Renshaw-Sur-
prised by Magruder, and carried--Our Fleet dis-
abled and beaten-Disaster at Sabine Pass-The
Alabama captures the Hatteras-Gen. Banks in
command at New Orleans-Clearing the Atchafa-
laya-Fight at Carney's Bridge-Farragut passes
the Batteries at Port Hudson-Banks returns to
Berwick's Bay-Advances to Opelousas and Alex-
andria, La.--Moves thence to Bayou Sara, and
crosses the Mississippi-Invests Port Hudson-
Combined Attack on its Defenses-Repulsed with
a loss of 2,000-Bank: presses the Siege-Second
Attack-The Rebel supplies exhausted-Gardner
surrenders-Dick Taylor surprises Brashear City
-Fighting at Donaldsonville-Franklin attacks
Sabine Pass, and is beaten off-Dana surprised at
Morganzia-Burbridge surprised near Opelousas
-Gen. Banks embarks for the Rio Grande-De-
barks at Brazos Santiago, and takes Brownsville
-Capture of Aransas Pass and Pass Cavallo Fort
Esperanza abandoned-Indianola in our hands-
Banks returns to New Orleans.
XVI. Army of the Potomac under Burn-
side and Hooker-Fredericksburg
-Chancellorsville..
Gen. Burnside in command in Virginia-Crosses
the Rappahannock-Attacks Lee's Army, strongly
posted on the Southern Heights-Is repulsed with
heavy loss-Recrosses the River-A fresh Ad-
vance arrested by the President-The Mud March
-Rebel Raids in Virginia-Burnside gives place
to Hooker-Stoneman's Raid on Lee's rear-
Hooker crosses the Rappahannock, and advances
to Chancellorsville-His right wing turned and
shattered by Jackson Pleasanton checks the
Enemy-Jackson mortally wounded-Desperate
fighting around Chancellorsville-Hooker stunned
-Our Army recoils-Sedgwick storms Marye's
Heights-Strikes Lee's Rear-Is driven across the
River-Hooker récrosses also-Stoneman's Raid a
Failure-Longstreet assails Peck at Suffolk-Is
beaten off with loss.
XVII. Lee's Army on Free Soil-Gettys-
burg.
Lee silently flanks Hooker's right, and moves
northward-Cavalry Fight near Fairfax-Milroy,
at Winchester, surprised and driven over the
Potomac, with heavy loss-Cavalry encounters
along the Blue Ridge-Jenkins raids to Cham-
bersburg-Lee crosses the Potomac-Hooker and
Halleck at odds-Hooker relieved- Meade in
couynand Ewell at York Collision of van-
guards at Gettysburg-Reynolds killed-Union-
ists outnumbered and driven-Howard halts on
Cemetery Hill-Sickles comes up-Hancock takes
command-Meade arrives-Both Armies concen-
trated-Sickles driven back with loss-Rebel Ad-
vance checked-Night falls-Rebel Grand Charge
led by Pickett-Terribly repulsed-Lee retreats-
Heavy losses-Feeble pursuit by Sedgwick-Lee
halts at Williamsport-Meade hesitates-Lee gets
across the Potomac-Kilpatrick routs the Rebel
rear-guard-Meade crosses at Berlin, and moves
down to the Rappahannock-Fight at Manassas
Gap-Dix's Advance on Richmond-Pleasanton
crosses the Rapidan-Lee flanks Meade, who re-
treats to Centerville-Warren worsta A. P. Hill
-Lee retires across the Rappahannock--Imboden
surprises Charlestown-Gen. D. A. Russell storms
Rappahannock Station, capturing 1,600 prisoners
-Meade crosses the Rapidan Affair of Mine
Run-Toland's raid to Wytheville-Averill's to
Lewisburg-Fight at Droop Mountain.
XVIII. The Chattanooga Campaign........404
Morgan's Raid through Kentucky into Indiana
and Ohio-He is surrounded, routed, and captured
-His Imprisonment and Escape-Rosecrans ad-
vances from Murfreesboro' by Shelbyville and
Tullahoma, to the Tennessee at Bridgeport-
Bragg flanked out of Chattanooga Rosecrans
eagerly pursues-Bragg concentrates at Lafayette,
and turns upon his pursuers-Rosecrans concen-
trates on the Chickamauga-Desperate battle there
-Rosecrans, worsted, retreats to Chattanooga-
Losses-Rosecrans superseded-Pegram's raid in
to Kentucky-Saunders's into East Tennessee-
Burnside crosses the Cumberland Mountains-
Knoxville liberated-Burnside retakes Cumber-
land Gap, with 2,000 prisoners-Longstreet impel-
led by Bragg against him-Wolford struck at Phil-
adelphia, Tenn.-Fight at Campbell's Station-
Burnside withdraws into Knoxville-Longstreet
besieges and assaults-Is repulsed with loss-
Raises the Siege and retreats-Grant relieves Rose-
crans-Hooker and Slocumn hurried to the Tennes-
Bee-Wheeler's and Roddy's raids-Grant reaches
Chattanooga Hooker crosses the Tennessee --
Fight at Wauhatchie-Sherman arrives from
Vicksburg-Grant impels attacks on Bragg by
Granger, Hooker, and Sherman-Hooker carries
Lookout Mountain-Bragg, en Mission Ridge, at-
tacked from all sides and routed-His Bulletin-
Hooker pursues to Ringgold-Cleburne checks him
in a gap in White Oak Ridge-Sherman and Gran-
ger dispatched to Knoxville-Losses at Mission
Ridge.
XIX. The War in Missouri and Arkansas,
in 1863.
Marmaduke attacks Springfield, Mo.-Is repulsed
-Again at Hartsville Waring routs him at Bates-
ville, Ark.-The Sam Gaty captured-Fayetteville
attacked by Cabell - Marmaduke assails Cape
Girardeau McNeil repels him- Coffey assails
Fort Blunt-Standwatie repulsed at Cabin Creek
-Coffey repulsed by Catherwood, at Pineville,
Mo. Quantrell's Arson and Butchery at Law-
rence, Kansas-Gen. Steele moves on Little Rock
-Fight at Bayou Metea-Davidson defeats Mar-
maduke at Bayou Fourche-Price abandons Little
Rock to Steele-Blunt's Escort destroyed by Quan-
trell-Col. Clayton defeats Marmaduke at Pine
Bluff-Gen, E. B. Brown defeats Cabell and Coffey
at Arrow Rock-McNeil chases them to Clarks-
ville-Standwatie and Quantrell repulsed by Col.
Phillips at Fort Gibson--Sioux Butcheries in Min-
nesota-Gen. Sibley routs Little Crow at Wood
Lake-500 Indians captured and tried for murder
-Gen. Pope in command-Sibley and Sully pur-
sue and drive the Savages-Gen. Conner in Utah
-Defeats Shoshonees on Bear River-Enemies
vanish.
XX. The Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida
in 1862-3-Siege of Charleston. .455
Siege and Capture of Fort Pulaski by Gillmore--
Sinking of Stone Fleet in Charleston Harbor-
Com. Dupont sweeps down the Coast to St. Au-
gustine-Union Movement at Jacksonville-Pen-
sacola and Jacksonville abandoned-Edisto Island
relinquished-Gon. Hunter attacks Secessionville,
and is repulsed-Gen. Brannan threatens the Sa-
vannah Railroad-Fight at Coosawhatchie-De-
struction of the Nashville-Dupont repulsed_at
Fort McAllister-The Isaac Smith lost near Le-
garéville-Iron-clad Raid from Charleston-The
Mercedita and Keystone State disabled - Beau-
regard and Ingraham proclaim the Blockade of
Charleston raised-Dupont with his Iron-clads at-
tacks Fort Sumter, and is repulsed-Col. Montgom-
ery's Raid up the Combahee-The Atlanta comes
out from Savannah-Capt. Rogers, in the Wee-
hawken, disables and captures her-Gen. Gillmore
seizes half of Morris Island-Gen. Strong assaults
Fort Wagner, and is bloodily repulsed-Gillmore
opens Trenches-The 'Swamp Angel' talks to
Charleston-The Rebels driven out of Fort Wagner
-Com. Stephens assaults Fort Sumter-Charles-
ton bombarded from Wagner-Foundering of the
Weehawken--D. H. Hill repelled at Newbera-
Attacks Washington, N. C.-Is driven off by
Foster-Fight at Gum Swamp.
XXI. The Political History of 1863......484
Lord Lyons on Democratic Peace'-Spring Elec-
tions of 1863-Conscription ordered, first by Rebel,
next by Union Congress Judge Woodward
pronounces the latter unconstitutional-Suspen-
sion of Habeas Corpus-Military Arrest and Con-
viction of Vallandigham-Democrats of Albany
thereon-President Lincoln's Response-Ohio
Democratic Convention's Resolves-Vallandig-
ham nominated for Governor-Convention de-
mand his Release-President Lincoln's Reply-
The New York Journalists on the Freedom of the
Press-Ex-President Pierce's Fourth of July Ora-
tion-Gov. Seymour's ditto-The Draft Riots in
New York-Arson, Devastation, and Murder-
Gov. Seymour's Speech-He demands a stoppage
of the Draft-President Lincoln's Reply-The
Autumn Elections-The Draft adjudged valid-
The Government sustained by the People.
XXII. Negro Soldiery...
Negroes in the Revolutionary Armies-Royal At-
tempts to win them to the British side-The War
of 1812-Gen. Jackson at New Orleans--Negro
soldiering suppressed in 1861-Gen. Hunter di-
rects a recruiting of Blacks-Gov. Wickliffe's In-
quiry-Gen. Hunter's Response-Saxton author-
ized to arm Negroes-Geu. Phelps's Black recruit-
ing in Louisiana-Gen. Butler thereon - Jeff.
Davis en Butler and Phelps together-Congress
orders a general enrollment, regardless of Color-
Deaiocratie Denunciation thereof-Gov. Andrew,
of Mass, raises two Black Regiments-New York,
by her Loyal League, follows the Example-Reb-
ef employment of Negroes in War-Beauregard
and Jeff. Davis on Federal arming of Blacks-The
Confederate Congress punishes it with Death-
President Lincoln threatens Retaliation-Garrett
Davis, S. S. Cox & Co, denounce the arming of
Blacks-Adjt.-Gen. Thomas engages in the work
-His Speech at Lake Providence-Gen. Banks's
Order-Negro recruiting goes ahead-Efficiency
of Black Soldiers
XXIII. The War along the Coast in 1864..528
Organization of the XXXVIIIth Congress →→→
Lincoln's proffer of Amnesty-Gillmore and Sey-
mour in Florida-Finnegan defeats Seymour at
Olustee-Rebel Salt-Works in Florida destroyed
-Union Convention at Jacksonville-Union Re-
prise at Bloody Bridge, S. C.-Pickett assails
Newbern, N. C.-Hoke besieges Wessells in
Plymouth-The Rebel ram Albemarle disables
our Vessels-Wessells surrenders-The Albemarle
fights our Fleet off the mouth of the Roanoke-
Is teaten off by them-Blown up by Lt. Cushing
-Plymouth retaken-Wild's Raid into Camden
County.
XXIV. The War beyond the Mississippi in
1864.
Banks in New Orleans-Porter's Fleet in the
Mississippi-Captures Fort De Russy-Our Army
and Fleet advance to Alexandria-Both move up
Red River-Banks presses on toward Shreve
port-Col. Gooding's Fight Our Advance routed
by Kirby Smith at Sabine Cross-Roads-Emory
checks the Rebel Pursuit at Pleasant Grove-
Fierce and indecisive Battle at Pleasant Hill-
Banks retreats to Grand Ecore-Porter works
and fights his way down the River--Banks fights
and drives Bee at Cane River-Return of Army
and Fleet to Alexandria-Lt. Col. Bailey engi-
Deers our Vessels over the Rapids-Union Loss
of three Vessels at Dunn's Bayou-Texas Const
nearly abandoned-Banks retreats to Simmsport
-Fight at Mansura-Cotton Operations on Red
River Steele's Advance from Little Rock-
Fight at Prairie d'Anne-Steele enters Camden
-Union Disaster at Marke's Mills-Steele re-
treats-Attacked by Kirby Smith at Jenkins's
Ferry Rebels repulsed-Steele, burning his
Trains, escapes to Little Rock-Gen. Carr worsts
Shelby at St. Charles-Col. Brooks fights Dob-
bins at Big Creek-Shelby captures the 54th Illi-
nois Union State Convention in Arkansas-
Steele's Inefficiency-Rosecrans in command in
Missouri-Arrests the Chiefs of the Sons of Lib-
erty Price's last Invasion-Hugh Ewing with-
stands him at Pilot Knob-Retreats to Rolla-
Rebel uprising-Price threatens St. Louis-Ap-
pears before Jefferson City-Gen. Mower follows
him from Arkansas-Rebels capture Glasgow-
Price at Lexington-Fights Blunt on the Little
Blue-Fights Curtis on the Big Blue-Escapes
southward, by Little Santa Fe--Pleasanton routs
him on the Little Osage- Blunt routs him at
Newtonia-Curtis chases him to Fayetteville,
XXV. Gen. Grant's Advance on Richmond.562
Grant made Lieutenant-General-His Concep
tion of the War-Assumes command-Army of
the Potomac reorganized-Kilpatrick's Raid to
Richmond-Col. Dahlgren killed--Grant crosses
the Rapidan-Battle of the Wilderness-Grant
pushes on to Spottsylvania C. H.-Heavy, inde-
cisive fighting-Hancock storms the Enemy's
Lines, capturing Maj.-Gen. Ed. Johnson and
8,000 Men-Sheridan's Raid to Richmond-
Death of J. E. B. Stuart-Butler moves against
Richmond by the James-W. F. Smith fights D.
H. Hill at Port Walthall Junction-Beauregard
arrives from Charleston-Attacks Butler on the
James-More Fighting there-Kautz's first Raid
-Three Union Gunboats blown up-Grant
moves by his Left to the North Anna-Hancock
and Wright across-Burnside repulsed--Fight-
ing on both Wings-Lee's Position impregnable
-Grant moves by his Left to the Chickahominy
-Reenforced by W. F. Smith from Butler's Po-
sition-Bloody Repulse at Cold Harbor-Sheri-
dan's Raid to Louisa C. H.-Grant moves by his
Left across the James, below Richmond-Re-
crosses for his Overland Advance-Butler impels
Gillem and Kautz against Petersburg-W. F.
Smith's Corps follows-Failures to carry it-
General Assault repulsed-Meade's costly Ad-
vance to the Weldon Railroad-Wilson's and
Kautz's expensive Raid to Burkesville-Butler
pontoons the James--Sheridan fights on the
Peninsula--Miles carries an Outpost at Deep
Bottom-Burnside's Mine - Hancock on our
Left, Gregg on our Right, advance, and are both
worsted-Warren seizes and holds the Weldon
Railroad-Hill defeats Hancock at Reams's Sta-
tion-Warren advances to and over the Squir-
rel Level Road-Butler assaults and carries Fort
Harrison--Field fails to retake it-Meade ad-
vances to Hatcher's Run-Egan routs Heth-
Hancock repels Wade Hampton--Hancock re-
tires-Losses of the Campaign-Criticisms.
XXVI. West Virginia and North of the
Rapidan in 1864.
Sam Jones captures Beers at Jonesville-Rosser
takes Petersburg-Averill hits him at Spring-
field-Sigel's defent at Newmarket-Averill
worsted at Wytheville-Crook's Fight near
Dublin Station-Hunter's victory at Piedmont-
He takes Staunton, and advances to Lynchburg
-Retreats across the Alleghanies-Early chases
Sigel out of Virginia-Wallace beaten on the
Monocacy Early threatens Washington-
Wright repulsed by Eariy-Avery worsted
near Winchester-Early defeats Crook-Cham-
bersburg burned by McCausland--Col. Stough
routed at Oldtown-Sheridan appointed to
command-Beats Early at Opequan- Routs
him at Fisher's Hill--Devastates the Valley-
The Richmond Whig on Retaliation Early
surprises Crook at Cedar Creek-Sheridan
transforms defeat into victory-Losses.
XXVII. Between Virginia and the Missis-
sippi, 1863-4....
...615.
Phillips's Raid to Grenada-McPherson ad-
Vances from Vicksburg-Forrest's Raid to Jack-
son-W. T. Sherman's Advance to Meridian-
Sovy Smith's Failure--Osband's Fight at Yazoo
City-Palmer's Advance to Dalton-Forrest
takes Union City-Repulsed by Hicks at Padu-
cab-Assaults and carries Fort Pilow-Butch-
ery after Surrender-Sturgis routed by Forrest
at Guntown-A. J. Smith worsts Forrest at
Tupelo-Forrest's Raid into Memphis--Fights
at Bean's Station, Charleston, Mossy Creek,
Dandridge, and Maryville, East Tennessee →→
Morgan's last Raid into Kentucky-Hobson's
Surrender Burbridge strikes Morgan at Mt.
Sterling, and routs him near Cynthiana-Mor-
gan kiled-Burbridge beaten at Saltville, Va.
-Attempt on Johnson's Island.
XXVIII. Sherman's Atlanta Campaign.....625
Strength of Sherman's and Jo. Johnston's Ar-
mies--Sherman flanks Johnston out of Dalton
-Hooker takes Resaca-Jeff. C. Davis takes
Rome-Fight at Pumpkin-vine Creek - At
New Hope Church-At Dallas - Allatoona
Pass won--Gen, Polk killed-Rebel Repulse at
Kulp House-Sherman assaults Kenesaw, and
is repulsed with a loss of 3,000-Flanks John-
ston out of it-Passes the Chattahoochee-
Hood relieves Johnston-Rousseau defeats Clan-
ton Hood strikes our left heavily, and is
repulsed-Strikes more heavily, and is badly
worsted-Stoneman's wretched Raid to Macon
-He surrenders - Hood strikes our right at
Proctor's Creek-Is badly beaten by Howard
and Logan-Kilpatrick's Raid around Atlanta
--Sherman moves by his right behind Atlanta
-Howard beats Hardee at Jonesboro'-J. C.
Davis repeats the lesson-Hood abandons At-
lanta-Sherinan enters-Orders it cleared of
inhabitants Pillow raids to Lafayette-
Wheeler to Dalton and through Southern Ten-
nessee Jeff. Davis at Macon-Hood flanks
Sherman French attacks Allatoona-Corse
beats him off-Hood crosses Sand Mountain-
Thomas intrusted with the defense of Tennes-
see-Sherman turns southward.
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