successful, and the expedition returned to Holland. He is the author of Voyages from Holland to America, from 1632 till 1644. Dewey, GEORGE, naval officer; born in Montpelier, Vt., Dec. 26, 1837; graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1858; and served on the frigate Wabash in the Mediterranean squadron until the beginning of the Civil War, when he was assigned to the steam sloop Mississippi of the West Gulf squadron. On April 19, 1861, he was commissioned lieutenant, and was with Admiral Farragut when the latter's squadron forced the passage of forts St. Philip and Jackson in April, 1862. He also took part in the attack on Fort St. Philip and the subsequent battles with gunboats and ironclads which gave Farragut control of New Orleans. In the smoke of the battle the Mississippi ran aground within range of the shore batteries. When it was seen in 1884 to captain; and in 1896 to commodore. He was appointed to command the Asiatic squadron in January, 1898, an assignment then considered but little short of exile. About March of the same year, when it became evident that war would be declared between the United States and Spain, Commodore Dewey, acting on orders from Washington, began to mobilize his vessels in the harbor of Hong-Kong. After the declaration of war he received orders to capture or destroy the Spanish fleet known to be in Philippine waters. It was then supposed that the harbor of Manila, where the Spanish fleet was most likely to rendezvous, was mined with explosives and supplied with search-lights, and that the forts of CAVITÉ (q. v.) had been put in readiness for an attack. Taking all chances, the United States squadron sailed boldly into the bay on the night of April 30. Dewey's ! TRIUMPHAL ARCH ERECTED IN NEW YORK CITY TO CELEBRATE DEWEY'S RETURN. ly purchased supply ships. The Spanish the chief city of the Philippines at his squadron consisted of the Reina Christina, mercy, but made no attempt to occupy steel cruiser; the Castilia, wooden cruiser; that city. There ensued a period of masthe Don Antonio de Ulloa, iron cruiser; terful diplomacy, which won for the victor the Don Juan de Austria, iron cruiser; the high commendation. Between the imIsla de Cuba, steel protected cruiser; the minent dangers of foreign complications Isla de Luzon, steel protected cruiser; and the operations of the native insurthe Isla de Mindanao, auxiliary cruis- gents under AGUINALDO (q. v.), he er: the gunboats General Lezo, El Cano, acquitted himself with rare judgment. and Marques del Duero, and two After the occupation of MANILA (q. v.) torpedo-boats. Early on Sunday morn- by the American troops, he was granted ing, May 1, Dewey attacked the Spanish leave to return home, whenever and howsquadron, under command of Admiral ever it should suit his convenience; and, Montojo. Two engagements were fought; sailing in his battle-scarred flag-ship, he during the interval between them the American ships drew off to the east side of the bay, that the men might rest and have breakfast. The fight lasted two hours, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish squadron, by fire and sinking, without the loss of an American ship or man. Immediately after the receipt of Dewey's brief message of victory, the President promoted him to rear-admiral, and Congress voted him the thanks of the country and a sword. Subsequently, the grade of admiral was revived, and the President conferred it on him. Holding the bay of Manila and the Cavité works, he had reached New York on Sept. 26, 1899, and was given the grandest reception ever accorded a public officer, the demonstrations comprising a naval parade up the river to General Grant's tomb, on the 29th, and a land parade on the following day. Subsequently, he established his residence in Washington, D. C., in a dwelling presented to him by popular subscription. Dewey, MELVIL, librarian; born in Adams Centre, N. Y., Dec. 10, 1851; graduated at Amherst in 1874; edited the Library Journal in 1876-81; became director of the New York State Library in 1888; is author of Decimal Classification and Relative Index; Library School Rules, etc. De Witt, SIMEON, surveyor; born in Ulster county, N. Y., Dec. 26, 1756; graduated at Queen's (now Rutgers) College in 1776; joined the army under Gates; and was made assistant geographer to the army in 1778, and chief geographer in 1780. He was surveyorgeneral of New York fifty years (17841834). In 1796 he declined the appoint ment of surveyor-general of the United States. He was regent, vice-chancellor, It is of him that the story is told that he sent a lot of warming-pans to the West Indies, which he disposed of at a large profit to the sugar manufacturers for use as skimmers. He died in Newburyport, Mass., Oct. 26, 1806. De Zeng, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, BARON, military officer; born in Dresden, Saxony, in 1756; came to America in 1780 as captain in one of the Hessian regiments; and at the end of the Revolutionary War married an American lady and settled in Red Hook, N. Y. He was naturalized in 1789, and chancellor of the State of New York, and became intimate with Chancellor member of many learned societies, and author of Elements of Perspective (1835). He died in Ithaca, N. Y., Dec. 3, 1834. Dexter, HENRY MARTYN, clergyman; born in Plympton, Mass., Aug. 13, 1821; graduated at Yale in 1840; became pastor of the Congregational Church in Manchester in 1844; removed to Boston as pastor of the Berkeley Street Church in 1849. He is the author of Congregationalism of the Last 300 Years; As to Roger Livingston, Governor Clinton, General Schuyler, and others, and was greatly interested in the opening of canals and in the navigation of the interior waters and lakes. He died in Clyde, N. Y., April 26, 1838. Diamond State. A name applied to the State of Delaware because of its small size, its wealth, and its importance. Diaz del Castillo, BERNAL, military officer; born in Medina del Campo, Spain, Williams and his Banishment from the about 1498; came to America as an adMassachusetts Colony; History of Old venturer in 1514, joining the expedition Plymouth Colony; and the editor of of Cordova in 1517, and of Grijalva in Church's Eastern Expeditions; Entertain- 1518. He served Cortez faithfully and ing Passages Relating to Philip's War. He died in New Bedford, Mass., Nov. 13, 1890. Dexter, SAMUEL, jurist; born in Boston, May 14, 1761; graduated at Harvard in 1781; studied law at Worcester, and became a State legislator, in which place he was distinguished for intellectual ability and oratory. President Adams appointed him, successively, Secretary of War (1800) and of the Treasury (1801), and for a while he had charge of the State Department. On the accession of Jefferson (1801) he resumed the practice of law. He declined foreign embassies offered by Adams and Madison. Mr. Dexter was a Federalist until the War of 1812, when, being in favor of that measure, he separated himself from his party. He was the first president of the first temperance society formed in Massachusetts. He died in Athens, N. Y., May 4, 1816. Dexter, TIMOTHY, merchant; born in Malden, Mass., Jan. 22, 1743. Inordinate vanity and extraordinary shrewdness were combined in him with almost imbecility in all matters excepting those of trade. valiantly. During his adventurous career he was engaged in 119 battles and skirmishes, and was wounded several times. He wrote a history of the conquest of New Spain, which he completed in 1568, intended to correct the misstatements of Gomara's Chronicle of New Spain, in which nearly all the glory of its conquest was given to Cortez. Diaz was a rough, unlettered soldier, and his history has been pronounced a "collection of fables." He died in Guatemala, about 1593. Dickerson, MAHLON, statesman; born in Hanover, N. J., April 17, 1770; graduated at Princeton in 1789; practised law in Philadelphia, where he became recorder of the city court. He returned to New Jersey, was elected a member of the legislature in 1814, governor of the State in 1815, and United States Senator in 1816. He was Secretary of the Navy under Presidents Jackson and Van Buren. He died in Succasunna, N. J., Oct. 5, 1853. Dickinson, ANNA ELIZABETH, reformer; born in Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 28, 1842; made her first appearance among publie |