ward and ordered Opdyke to advance with his brigade. Swiftly they charged the Confederate columns and drove them back. Conrad, close by, gave assistance. The works MAP OF THE BATTLE OF FRANKLIN. o'clock on the afternoon of Nov. 30, 1864, Hood advanced to the attack with all his force. A greater part of his cavalry, under Forrest, was on his right, and the remainder were on his left. The Confed crates fell fiercely upon Schofield's centre, composed of the divisions of Ruger and Cox, about 10,000 strong. Their sudden appearance was almost a surprise. Schofield was at Fort Granger, and the battle, on the part of the Nationals, was conducted by General Stanley. By a furious charge Hood hurled back the Union advance in utter confusion upon the main line, when that, too, began to crumble. A strong position on a hill was carried by the Confederates, where they seized eight guns. They forced their way within the second line and planted a Confederate flag upon the intrenchments. All now seemed lost to the Nationals, who, as their antagonists were preparing to follow up their victory, seemed about to break and fly, when Stanley rode for and the guns were recovered; 300 prisoners and ten battleflags were captured; and the Union line was restored, and not again broken, though Hood hurled strong bodies of men against it. The struggle continued until long after dark; it was almost midnight when the last shot was fired. The advantage was with the Nationals. The result was disastrous to Hood. His men were dispirited, and he lost 6,253 soldiers, of whom 1,750 were killed and 702 made prisoners. Schofield's loss was 2,326, of whom 180 were killed and 1,104 missing. The Nationals withdrew from Franklin a little after midnight, and fell back to Nashville. Franklin Stove. The first iron fireplace for heating rooms was invented by Dr. Ben jamin Franklin about 1740, and is known as the "Franklin Stove" to this day. It is an open fireplace constructed of iron, and portable, so that it may be used in any room with a chimney. It was made for the purpose of better warming and for sav THE FRANKLIN STOVE. ing fuel. He refused the offer of a patent for it by the governor of Pennsylvania, as he held that, as we profit by the inventions of others, so we should freely give what we may for the comfort of our fellow-men. He gave his models to Robert Grace, one of his early friends in London, who had an iron-foundry, and he made much money by casting these stoves. They were in general use in all the rural districts of the country for many years, or until anthracite coal began to take the place of wood as fuel and required a different kind of stove. Fraser, SIMON, military officer; born in Scotland, in 1729; served with distinction in Germany, and was appointed a brigadier-general in the British army by Governor Carleton, Sept. 6, 1776. He gained a victory over the Americans at Hubbardton in July, 1777, and was shot by one of Morgan's riflemen in the first battle on Bemis's Heights, Sept. 19, 1777, and died on Oct. 7, following. Fraternal Organizations. According to reports of the supreme bodies of these organizations the membership of the principal fraternal organizations in the United States and Canada in 1900 was about as follows: Catholic Benevolent Legion....... Ancient Order of Foresters.... Tribe of Ben Hur.. Sons of Temperance. Independent Order of B'nai B'rith. Knights of Malta... Catholic Knights of America.... 896,830 Frederick, FORT, a protective work on the north bank of the Potomac River in Maryland, 50 miles below Fort Cumberland; erected in 1755-56. Fredericksburg, BATTLE AT. Lee's evacuation of Maryland after the battle on Antietam Creek occurred on Sept. 19-20, 1862. Lee rested a few days on the Virginia side of the Potomac, and then marched leisurely up the Shenandoah Valley. McClellan did not pursue, but, after twice calling for reinforcements, he de clared his intention to stand where he was, on the defensive, and "attack the enemy should he attempt to recross into Maryland." The government and the loyal people, impatient of delay, demanded an im 1,025,073 mediate advance. On Oct. 6 the Presi 547.625 dent instructed McClellan to "cross the 492,506 Potomac and give battle to the enemy, or 410,000 drive him South. Your army must now 227.936 move," he said, " while the roads are good." 205,628 Twenty-four days were spent in correspondence before the order was obeyed, Me 183.508 Clellan complaining of a lack of men and 170,000 supplies to make it prudent to move for 114,643 ward. At length, when October had nearly passed by and Lee's army was thoroughly rested and reorganized, and communica75,000 tions with Richmond were re-established. 70,000 the Army of the Potomac began to cross 62,173 the river (Oct. 26), 100,000 strong. The 236,702 175,569 104,869 55.668 59,821 Nationals were led on the east side of the 58,000 Blue Ridge, but failed to strike the re53,000 treating Confederates over the mountain in flank or to get ahead of them; and Lee 49.189 pushed Longstreet's troops over the Blue 44,000 Ridge to Culpeper Court-house, between 36.429 the Army of the Potomac and Richmond, 34,614 ready to dispute the advance of the Na 31.750 tionals. Quick and energetic movements 29,688 were now necessary to sever and defeat, in 38,098 27,000 23,200 detail, Lee's army. 22,901 On Nov. 5 McClellan was relieved of 22,718 command, and General Burnside was put 17.533 in his place. A sense of responsibility 16,782 made the latter commander exceedingly 14.095 cautious. Before he moved he endeavored 13,107 to get his 120,000 men well in hand. 54,913 Aquia Creek was made his base of sup plies, and he moved the army toward 5,722,016 Fredericksburg on Nov. 10. Sumner led the movement down the left bank of the Rappahannock. By the 20th a greater See portion of Burnside's forces were opposite Fredericksburg, and their cannon com Order of Chosen Friends....... United Ancient Order of Druids... Irish Catholic Benevolent Union.. American Legion of Honor...... Smaller organizations not reported Total * Disbanded in 1900. Frazier's Farm, BATTLE GLENDALE, BATTLE OF. 19,487 OF. manded the town. Sumner demanded the Rappahannock, its right at Port Royal surrender of the city (Nov. 21). It was refused. The bridges had been destroyed. A greater portion of the inhabitants now fled, and the town was occupied by Confederate troops. Lee's army, 80,000 strong, was upon and near the Heights of Fredericksburg by the close of November, and had planted strong batteries there. The army lay in a semicircle around Fred ericksburg, each wing resting upon the re and its left 6 miles above the city. Pontoons for the construction of bridges across the Rappahannock were not ceived by Burnside until the first week in December. Then 60,000 National troops under Sumner and Hooker lay in front of Fredericksburg, with 150 cannon, commanded by General Hunt. The corps of Franklin, about 40,000 strong, was encamped about 2 miles below. |